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🥬 Endive (Cichorium endivia)
🥬 Botanical Name: Cichorium endivia
🥬 Type: Hardy Annual / Biennial (grown as Annual)
Endive (Cichorium endivia) is a cool-season leafy crop valued for its crisp, slightly bitter leaves that add depth and texture to salads and cooked dishes. There are two main types — curly endive (frisée) with finely cut, frilly leaves and broad-leaved escarole with wider, tender foliage. Easy to grow and quick to mature, Endive thrives in cooler conditions and can be blanched for milder flavour. Perfect for succession sowing, it provides a steady supply of fresh greens throughout spring, summer, and autumn.
Plant Details
Type: Hardy annual / biennial (grown as annual)
Height: 20–40cm
Spread: 25–30cm
Harvest: June – October
Position: Full sun; fertile, well-drained soil
Growing Information
Sow: March – July (outdoors) or September for overwintering (in mild climates)
Germination: 7–14 days at 15–20°C
Spacing: 25–30cm apart in rows 30cm apart
Care: Keep soil moist and weed-free; blanch inner leaves by tying outer leaves together or covering for 10–14 days before harvest for a milder taste
Why You’ll Love It
Crisp, slightly bitter leaves — perfect for salads and cooking
Easy to grow and suitable for successive sowing
Cool-season crop with great garden reliability
Excellent source of vitamins and minerals
Top Tip
For tender, pale hearts with less bitterness, blanch the centre by loosely tying the outer leaves together or covering plants with an upturned pot for 1–2 weeks before harvesting.
Perfect For
Salad gardens and kitchen plots
Continuous summer-to-autumn harvesting
Companion planting with lettuces and herbs
Nutritious, fresh homegrown greens
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